James Madison and The U.S. Constitution

JamesMadisonJames Madison had prepared himself to be a builder of nations. He wanted to go to The College of William and Mary, like his close friend and mentor. However he found that the weather and temperatures there were not favorable to his health and stamina. So he looked northward and enrolled at The College of New Jersey, later known as Princeton College, which had a good reputation.  Princeton had been founded originally to train Presbyterian Ministers.

James graduated after receiving a solid education in only 2 ½ years. He went on to study law, but never practiced that profession. After the Revolutionary War he was extremely concerned that the Articles of Confederation just weren’t working. They needed to be amended. read more

Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and the Constitution

PatrickHenryThose Founding Fathers who were against the U.S. Constitution included Thomas Jefferson, and Patrick Henry. Both of them thought that the Constitution did not protect the average citizen enough.

Jefferson was still in France, but sent his reservations by letter to his friend James Madison, the Father of the Constitution. He encouraged James to continued to fight for a Bill of Rights.

Patrick Henry opposed the Constitution in the Constitutional Assembly held in Virginia to vote on the document. He made several long speeches against its adoption, some lasting all day. He made at least one speech almost every one of the 17 days of the State Convention. He also wanted a more specific Bill of Rights. read more

George Washington, Benedict Arnold and George Will

GeorgeWashingtonIn all the political turmoil of late, the conservative editorial writer, George Will, has just declared that he will withdraw from the Republican Party. He says they have left him.

Where will Will go? I don’t know. The Democrats won’t take him. They say he’s too conservative. The Republicans don’t want him any longer. They say he’s a turncoat.

I’m sorry, but he reminds me a little of the story of Benedict Arnold. Arnold was a hero at the battle of Lake Champlain. He thought he should be advanced to the office of General. General George Washington agreed. But the Congress wouldn’t grant his request. read more

Abe Lincoln, Politicians, and Storytelling

To brag little, to lose well,
To crow gently if in luck,
To pay up, to own up,
To shut up if beaten,
Are the virtues of a sportingman.
–Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1841-1935, former Justice of the Supreme Court

Abraham_Lincoln_2Abraham Lincoln, of course, was a lawyer and a politician. I think he lived by the above instructions, if unknowingly. He was also a great storyteller.

He explained it this way: “They say I tell a great many stories; I reckon I do, but I have found in the course of a long experience that common people, take them as they run, are more easily informed through the medium of a broad illustration than in any other way, and as to what the hypercritical few may think, I don’t care!” read more

More of The U. S. Constitution Amended

constitutionYesterday I wrote about the amendment amending an amendment to the Constitution. I hope you read about it. Today more about Amendments.

You’ll probably remember that the Equal Rights Amendment was not ratified in the time required by the Amending process in effect. There was just too much uncertainty about how it would affect certain parts of our normal lives—so in the wisdom of the original Signers of the Constitution it was not approved.

What you may not know concerns the most recent Amendment. That is Amendment 27. This Amendment requires that “No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.” read more

Thomas Jefferson and the Richmond Examiner

Founding Fathers coverJames Callender was the publisher of the Richmond Examiner and a friend who helped Jefferson get elected to the Presidency. But Callender wanted a job in Jefferson’s administration. Tom, however, knew his background, that he’d been run out of Great Britain for sedition and libel, and had been charged in America under the notorious Alien and Sedition Act, and that he was not a particularly honest person.

Calllender reminded Jefferson of all the hard work and writing he had done to assure Tom of his election. But Tom refused him as a member of his cabinet nevertheless. James reminded Tom of his control of the newspaper and threatened to print stories about Jefferson that would do him damage. read more

Jefferson and All the News That’s Fit to Print

Or this article could be headlined “How the Newspaper Got Bigger.”

ThomasJeffersonI’ll have to report on the Jefferson story later. But his caught my eye.

The first official newspaper in the Colonies, or at least the first one to print more than once, was the “Boston News-letter”. It printed news in the order that it was received from the European news sources. The length of the stories and articles became so large, that this newspaper had to expand its size. The information received soon exceeded the space allotted. read more

Washington’s Farewell Address

Landsdowne paintingWhen George Washington left office after serving two terms as President of the United States, he gave a Farewell Address. History says he didn’t actually deliver the speech, but had it printed and disseminated to Congress.

The speech was full of wisdom learned from his long experience as a leader of this country. For many years, decades, perhaps even centuries, this speech was required reading for Members of Congress—especially new members. The encouragement George gave in his talk had many religious overtones, and showed his true feelings about our nation. I think you should read it, perhaps every year! read more

More Presidential Assassinations

Library of Congress Reading RoomAs I told you yesterday, I have learned some interesting facts from reading a fiction Bestseller. But I didn’t mention the name of the book or the author. So if you are interested, the name of the book is “the Fifth Assassin” by Brad Meltzer. The main character is Beecher White who is an archivists and the National Archives in Washington, D.C.

An archivist is, of course, someone who is in charge of Archives. An archive is a place where public records or historical documents are kept. The National Archives in Washington is a beautiful building in the District in which the original Declaration of Independence, the U. S. Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and many other very important historical documents are kept. read more

Benjamin Franklin and Words

Mark_Twain_by_AF_BradleyAs you know, Benjamin Franklin was a printer since his early days when he was apprenticed to his brother, James. He eventually moved on from Boston to Philadelphia, where he became a very successful printer with his own company.

Because he was a printer, he was also an avid reader, even though he had a rudimentary education. His access to books helped him become a leader in the City, then the State, then throughout the Colonies, then in England and France, and finally at the Constitutional Convention. read more