Patrick Henry and the Virginia Constitutional Convention

PatrickHenryAfter the Constitution was ratified by the U. S. Constitutional Convention, it went to the States for their own State Conventions. Would the States accept it and approve of it? No one knew for sure.

Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison (the Father of the Constitution) wrote a manual to explain the arguments for and against this document. They wrote it to allay some of the State’s fears. That later became the book “The Federalist Papers”. You’ve read it, of course.

In Virginia Patrick Henry, the most influential patriot, opposed the Constitution, and said so in the convention. The Virginia Convention lasted 23 days. Patrick Henry spoke on 18 of those days, explaining his reasons for objecting to approval. One of those speeches lasted 7 hours! read more

James Madison and The Constitutional Convention

constitutionNot only did James Madison convince George Washington to attend the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, he promoted other members and their ideas along the way.

James convinced Governor Edmund Randolph to introduce his “Virginia Plan” in such a way that would comply with the purpose for which the Convention had been called. Its original purpose was to amend the unworkable Articles of Confederation. Yes, amend them out of existence.

Edmund Randolph had been an “Aide de Camp” to General George Washington during the Revolutionary War. Randolph was the currently acting Governor of Virginia. So he was a man of learning and prestige who would be listened to at this Convention. Randolph made an extraordinary introduction to Madison’s plan. read more

George Washington and the News

Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_StatesThe President of the Constitutional Convention, George Washington, was determined to prevent leaks from the meetings in Philadelphia. One day one of the delegates absent-mindedly left his notes behind on a table in the meeting room.

The next day President Washington held up the page of notes before the group, saying: “I must entreat the gentleman to be more careful lest our transactions get into the newspapers and disturb the public response by premature speculations. I know not whose paper it is, but there it is; let him who owns it, take it.” read more

Founding Fathers and Words

ThomasJeffersonThomas Jefferson, George Washington and Benjamin Franklin had several things in common. Not the least of which was how they faced an argument or a political debate.

Thomas Jefferson explained how he thought about his friends and fellow Founding Fathers this way: “I never heard either of them (George Washington and Benjamin Franklin) speak ten minutes at a time, nor to any but the main point . . .They laid their shoulders to the great points, knowing that the little ones would follow of themselves.” read more

John Adams and Complaining

Sometimes I feel a little bit like Lucy in the popular Peanuts cartoon. In this comic strip Lucy is looking out the window of her home and watches it rain. She yells: “STUPID WEATHER!”

As she turns back in to the house, Linus asks her: “Are you complaining again? Do you realize that you spend all your time complaining?”

Next panel Lucy responds to Linus: “Why shouldn’t I complain?”

Then adds: “It’s the only thing I’m good at!”

JohnAdamsSome of us feel that way from time to time. All we do is complain. But some of us have learned that complaining doesn’t do any good. You actually have to do something about it. read more

The American Way

ThomasJeffersonGeorge Washington, our first President, said this: “Government is not reason, it is not eloquence, it is force; like fire, a troublesome servant and a fearful master. Never for a moment should it be left to irresponsible action.”

Thomas Jefferson wrote: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.”

That’s where we get out freedoms from. Not from the government, but from God. But it’s a troublesome servant and a fearful master. We have to stay in charge, not give it away. read more

Abraham Lincoln and The Declaration of Independence

Abraham_Lincoln_2I guess I knew it, but it was decidedly reinforced in the presentation about Abraham Lincoln which I attended at our Education Conference today. What was it? It was that not only was our Constitution hanging in the balance in Lincoln’s administration, but the Declaration of Independence was as well. It was totally repudiated and disavowed by the Southern States in the Civil War.

The written documents of the South firmly rejected the premise of the Declaration of Indpendence that “all men are created equal.” And they likewise discarded that idea along with the whole Declaration! I hadn’t realized that. read more

The Boston Tea Party

boston-tea-party-as-indiansuner1Some things have slipped through history with a little fiction attached or some important details omitted. One, of course, is Paul Revere’s ride. Despite that beautiful Longfellow poem, Paul Revere was captured by the British before he could reach Concord and sound the alarm. But it’s a wonderful way to teach history.

The Boston Tea Party didn’t quite come off as expected, either. The night of December, 1773, when the Colonists planned the raid to take place, they mistakenly chose the hour of low tides. So when the party began, with the rebels dressed as Indians, the water around the ship was too low to break open the trunks. So the nearly 350 crates of tea piled up in the shallow water. read more

James K. Polk as President

Joseph_Smith_Jr._Lieutenant_General_Nauvoo_Legion_by_Sutcliffe_Mauds-Ley_-1842I am attending a week long education summit at BYU. One of the classes is about the Presidential election in 1844. It seems to have some similarities with our current election.

One of the late entry candidates for President was General Joseph Smith of Illinois. Most of the candidates, like Martin Van Buren, running for re-election, and others, didn’t really answer the problems that existed at the present time. No way to give credibility to the banks (there was a banking problem), not any real discussions about solving the slavery issue, and no foresightedness about increasing the size of the country to the western ocean. read more

The Presidential Look

Landsdowne paintingGeorge Washington had the looks and stature of a President. He was tall, nearly 6’4” and strong of build. He was a great horseman and a victorious soldier. He had a strong moral compass and great character. Plus, he had been front and center in all the major events in the creation of the new nation.

John Adams was different. He was shorter, about 5’9”, and had proven himself as a leader. He wrote the Massachusetts Constitution. He advocated Thomas Jefferson’s draft of the Declaration of Independence. He was a minister to France and helped draft the treaty to end the Revolutionary War. He wrote the most oft quoted book in the Constitutional Convention while he was serving as minister to Great Britain. But he only served one term as President. read more